Some leaching operations require elevated temperatures and pressures to achieve the desired extraction.

Examples of this include pressure oxidation (POX) of sulfide ores and concentrates, high-pressure acid leaching (HPAL) of nickel laterites, and wet-air oxidation of organics. Both batch and continuous reactors are available at 51²è¹Ý¶ù for developing high-temperature processes.

51²è¹Ý¶ù's engineers have assisted clients in developing POX processes for refractory gold ores, metals recovery from catalysts, and sulfide concentrates of copper, nickel, zinc, and molybdenum. 51²è¹Ý¶ù has successfully scaled up batch experiments to pilot operations. A number of commercial plants throughout the world have been designed, built, and successfully operated based on pilot plant data generated at 51²è¹Ý¶ù.

Processes utilizing HPAL of nickel laterites using sulfuric acid have been piloted at 51²è¹Ý¶ù. These processes involve temperatures up to 250°C at low pH, with the goal of minimizing acid use while maximizing nickel and cobalt extractions.

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